Portrait of Prof. Ingrid Lindqvist Published Academic Profile

Published Author

Prof. Ingrid Lindqvist, LLD

Professor of Constitutional Law

Doctor of Laws

Institution

Sorbonne Université

Location

Paris, France

Published

August 11, 2026

Publication ID

ATR-2026-00458

Credential status

Verified

01 · Introduction

Academic journey

Ingrid Lindqvist is a doctrinal legal historian who has spent twenty years on a single long question: how did European constitutional systems, none of which anticipated the computer, generate a body of rights concerning personal data?

Her answer, developed across three monographs, is that the doctrine was assembled from unlikely materials — the law of correspondence, professional confidentiality, dignitary protections in post-war constitutions — and that the seams remain visible in current jurisprudence. The third volume, published in 2025, traces the process through five jurisdictions.

She has served as an expert adviser on two legislative committees and is a frequent, and frequently sceptical, commentator on proposals to draft data rights afresh.

Rights do not arrive fully formed. They are assembled, usually untidily, out of doctrines built for other purposes. — Prof. Ingrid Lindqvist
02 · Qualifications

Academic credentials

1999

Doctor of Laws (LLD)

Constitutional law

Sorbonne Université · France

1994

LLM Comparative Law

European law

Uppsala University · Sweden

1992

LLB Law

Uppsala University · Sweden

03 · Research

Doctoral research

Research title

The Assembled Right: Constitutional Foundations of Data Protection in Five European Jurisdictions

Abstract

A three-volume doctrinal history tracing the constitutional and doctrinal antecedents of contemporary data protection rights across five European jurisdictions from 1945 to the present.

Problem statement

Contemporary data protection scholarship largely treats the field as a modern statutory creation, with limited attention to the constitutional doctrines from which its central concepts were derived. This obscures both the internal logic of the jurisprudence and the reasons for its divergence from other traditions.

Research methodology

Archival doctrinal research across five national jurisdictions, including constitutional court records, legislative preparatory materials and professional-body archives, supplemented by comparative analysis of 340 decisions.

Major findings

The study establishes that continental data protection doctrine derives principally from dignitary rather than proprietary foundations, that this derivation was largely unarticulated at the time, and that several persistent doctrinal tensions in current jurisprudence follow directly from the incompleteness of that assembly.

Academic contribution

The work provides the first sustained constitutional history of the field and reframes the European–American divergence as a difference in doctrinal inheritance rather than policy preference.

Department
Faculty of Law
University
Sorbonne Université
Completion year
1999
04 · Bibliography

Publications

4 works recorded on this profile, as provided or externally referenced.

01

Book

The Assembled Right, Volume III: Convergence and Divergence

Lindqvist, I.

Oxford University Press, 2025, Vol. III, pp. 488 pp.

02

Book

The Assembled Right, Volume II: Doctrinal Foundations

Lindqvist, I.

Oxford University Press, 2018, Vol. II, pp. 432 pp.

03

Book

The Assembled Right, Volume I: Antecedents 1945–1979

Lindqvist, I.

Oxford University Press, 2011, Vol. I, pp. 376 pp.

04

Journal Article

Dignitary foundations of continental data protection

Lindqvist, I.

European Journal of International Law, 2020, Vol. 31, No. 2, pp. 401–436

05 · Recognition

Achievements & recognitions

Academic Award

Prix de la Recherche Juridique

Académie des Sciences Morales et Politiques · 2019 · France

Awarded for the second volume of the doctrinal history.

Leadership Position

Expert Adviser, Legislative Committee on Data Governance

National Assembly · 2021 · France

Advisory role on two legislative committees.

Honorary Recognition

Corresponding Fellow

Swedish Royal Academy of Letters · 2022 · Sweden

Elected corresponding fellowship.

06 · Measures

Research impact

Figures as submitted or externally referenced at the time of publication. Bibliometric measures vary between indexing services and should be read as indicative rather than definitive.

2,870

Citations

96

Research Papers

29

Students Supervised

12

Countries Collaborated

07 · Practice

Career & professional journey

2008 — Present

Professor of Constitutional Law

Sorbonne Université

Paris, France

Teaches constitutional law and comparative data governance.

2000 — 2008

Associate Professor of Law

Uppsala University

Uppsala, Sweden

Research and teaching in comparative constitutional law.

08 · Consequence

Impact & contribution

Lindqvist's three-volume study is now the standard doctrinal reference for the constitutional origins of European data protection, cited in academic literature and in submissions before two constitutional courts. Her identification of the dignitary rather than proprietary basis of the continental tradition has shaped how comparative scholars read the divergence between European and American approaches. As a legislative adviser she has consistently argued against wholesale redrafting, on the grounds that inherited doctrine carries interpretive resources that new text discards.

11 · Verification

Credentials & references

ORCID ↗

0000-0000-0000-0005

Verified

Basis of this record

Editorial verification has been completed for the credentials listed on this profile. Corrections and updates may be requested at any time via our corrections page.

13 · Citation

Cite this profile

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